This paper is part of a larger project that studies the emergence of the idea of integration together with its implications. This paper asks: how has the idea of integration been institutionalized in Canada? What are its implications? Moreover, how should we study the effectiveness and effects of counter-terrorism institutions?
The idea of integration in counter-terrorism institutions has become common wisdom in Western policy. Understanding how integration has emerged, and what effects it might have, is key to understanding how well contemporary counter-terrorism is working to prevent attacks, but also to understand how any particular set of policy choices renders certain outcomes possible and closes off other pathways. The effectiveness of counter-terrorism institutions cannot be dissociated from their effects on citizens if the time-line of counterterrorism is generational.